The global pandemic has caused recession in many parts of the world. Unfortunately, many Singaporeans found themselves in uncomfortable financial situations. We are slowly recovering with a hopeful heart this 2021. Despite the optimism, it does not erase the effects of the past year.
The economic turmoil exposed most of our financial mistakes and vulnerabilities. Here are just some of the missteps that many of us faced in the past several months.
#1: DIFFICULTY IN BUILDING AN EMERGENCY FUND
Say you did not build an emergency fund before the crisis hit. While we could not have predicted a pandemic, it is always crucial to have an emergency savings to cushion large expenses. A good rule of thumb is to keep up to six months of living expenses in an easy-to-access account. Start now!
#2: INABILITY TO SAVE MORE MONEY
Apart from having an emergency fund, one of the lessons that we learned during the pandemic is the importance of savings. Putting this knowledge into practice is harder than it seems. In a local survey, 55% of the respondents said they reduced their savings over the past months. This may be due to job loss, reduction in income, and other financial struggles due to the situation. Creating opportunities for other streams of income can help widen the savings.
#3: PUTTING A PAUSE ON THE RETIREMENT PLAN
Retirement may not be the first thing most people think about when they are still young, but it is a part of our financial plan that we cannot afford to ignore. Like it or not, there will come a time when you are no longer able to work. Your retirement plan must not stop due to a recession.
However, many Singaporeans found it hard to continue investing for their future due to the current climate. In fact, 27% of those with financial plans said they have stopped setting aside or even reduced their funds for retirement.
#4: MAKING EMOTIONAL FINANCIAL DECISIONS
Volatility has abounded lately. When you see your balance go down, do not allow yourself to make an emotionally driven decision. View it pragmatically as you are in it for the long haul. Remember how and why you originally structured the portfolio. If your circumstance have changed or your allocation no longer aligns with your goals, you should consider making risk changes.
Image credits: pixabay.com
It is crucial to stay engaged in the financial world. Take this uncertain times positively by creating more awareness around your financial health and goals. Talk to a financial professional to help you implement these goals.
You live in a leasehold HDB flat, and you don’t possess millions of dollars in assets. By all accounts, you don’t really have much in terms of fortune—the type that is possessed by the crazy-rich scions of wealthy families and the kind that is romanticised in movies and TV shows. So why exactly should you have an estate plan when it looks like it’s going to be a walk in the park disposing of your assets anyway when the time finally comes for you to bite the dust?
There are several important benefits to having an estate plan in Singapore. In this short guide, we’ll quickly go through some of them.
Estate Planning Will Allow You to Dispose of Your Assets According to Your Wishes
The quick answer to the question of why estate planning is important is quite simple: it is a legal and effective method of making arrangements to manage your estate and financial affairs when you pass on. If you don’t have a will, a trust, or a lasting power of attorney, your assets will be distributed according to Singapore’s intestacy laws, supplanting your actual wishes on how you may have wanted them disposed of.
Imagine the amount of frustration and heartache your loved ones may have to go through when it is the state that gets to have the final say about what to do with the assets you leave behind. Designating your beneficiaries and appointing “attorneys” who can act on your behalf can save your family members the time, money, and aggravation while ensuring that your estate is distributed exactly in the manner that you desire.
An Estate Plan Takes Care of Your Dependents
We’ve already established that estate planning benefits not only the rich; it also benefits just about every other person of legal age in Singapore. However, it’s most especially advantageous to those with dependants, like children, elderly parents, or family members with disabilities.
This is the most important element of estate planning: designating your heirs no matter how much or how little you might have. You get to have a say what happens to your savings, investments, and real properties should something happen to you. You’re able to make sure that your loved ones are taken care of and that they will benefit from the wealth you’ve accumulated specifically for the purpose of providing for them in the first place.
Estate planning will also allow you to determine what happens to your CPF savings after your death. Because CPF savings—like the balances you might leave behind in your Ordinary, Medisave and Special or Retirement Accounts—are not considered part of your estate, it is important for you to make a CPF nomination. Otherwise, your CPF savings will be transferred to the Public Trustee’s Office (PTO), which will then distribute your assets to your family depending on how they see fit. This will be done according to the Intestate Succession Act Singapore citizens abide by.
Creating an Estate Plan Also Helps You Prepare for Your Own Needs
It’s true that an estate plan allows you to elect your heirs when you pass away, but did you know that estate planning can also help you prepare for your own needs in the event that you lose your mental capacity or become unable to make decisions for yourself?
Estate planning can help you appoint people you trust to act on your behalf through a legal document called a Lasting Power of Attorney (LPA). Doing so will allow you to safeguard your interests and give you peace of mind, knowing that your loved ones can make decisions for you should you ever lose your ability to make financial and legal decisions while you are still alive.
Take note that members of your family are not automatically given the right to legally act on your behalf, a fact that can hinder their ability to look after your needs. Only an LPA can make sure that they will be able to manage your estate legally and make arrangements for your everyday care.
Estate Planning Will Prevent Conflicts from Erupting within Your Family
What’s worse than dying and not having a say in whether or not the people you love will benefit from the estate you leave behind? It’s probably dying and having members of your family fight over your money and properties. It’s the kind of drama that you’ve probably seen somewhere on television before, one that can get really ugly and leave you rolling over in your grave.
Creating an estate plan allows you to preemptively terminate such conflicts. By designating who is legally responsible for your assets when you become mentally incapcitated, or by deciding how much each of your heirs will get when you pass away, there will be no room for strife to occur. You’ll also be able to prevent any relatives you might hate with a passion from even attempting to get a share of the pie, which is probably one of the most desireable benefits of protecting your assets with an estate plan.
Estate planning is not just the domain of the rich and the powerful in Singapore. Anyone with any amount of assets will benefit from the protection that a well-thought-out and well-executed estate plan brings. It can be a complex and challenging process, but it’s a necessary one that will make your family more ready to face the uncertainties of a future without you.
The story goes something like that. In 1989, Mr Sulistio and his wife Soemiati purchased gold bars using their joint account at the United Overseas Bank in Singapore.
At first, the couples kept the gold bars under both their names. But Mr Sulistio, now 87, signed documents to pass possession to his wife in 2016. In 2017, she passed away. He later learned that she had willed the gold bars to four of their five children.
Sued his children following an unsuccessful challenge to the will
Image Credits: The Australian
He sued the four after a failed appeal to her will in Hong Kong. The signing of the documents did not modify the original intention to preserve the gold bars as joint possessions, Mr Sulistio said.
He asserted that he was the rightful owner of the gold bars, as the sole survivor. But Justice Valerie Thean rejected his claims.
The judge claimed in a written decision that there was no doubt that the pair originally had a collective goal of possessing the gold bars for their mutual good. However, she noticed that there was enough convincing evidence of a shift in their aim in 2016.
Signing of certificates as part of a wider agreement
Justice Thean discovered that as a component of a larger deal between the pair, Mr Sulistio endorsed the documents. It turns out that Madam Soemiati had requested for the gold bars in return for having their son Rudy to handle their Indonesian territory.
Mr Rudy was left out of the will of Madam Soemiati and came to the defence of his father in the lawsuit.
According to the judge, Madam Soemiati wanted to possess the gold bars for her interests. That is, if she were to pass on without using the gold bars, she would like to favour the defendants.
The couple’s marriage broke down in 2012
Image Credits: The Wedding Vow
In the 1950s, Mr Sulistio and Madam Soemiati were married and had three daughters and two sons. They stayed in Hong Kong as a couple.
Their daughters said their parents’ relationship deteriorated in 2012. It was partly because of the strained relationship between Madam Soemiati and Mr Sulistio’s nurse. Their eldest daughter suggested that Madam Soemiati was disappointed that the nurse bullied her, but Mr Sulistio did little to rectify the issue.
An attempt to guarantee her financial security
The court acknowledged the defendants’ allegation that the gold bars’ legal movement was part of an arrangement under which Madam Soemiati sought to ensure her financial stability.
Madam Soemiati, who was severely ill with increasing medical costs, was worried that her savings were depleted. This was due to vast amounts of money moved from joint accounts with her spouse to Mr Rudy.
Mr Rudy also did not dispute the acquisition of roughly US$7.2 million (S$9.5 million) between 2010 and 2016. Furthermore, according to the verdict, at least US$1 million remains unsubstantiated for.
Several consumer-facing Financial Technology (FinTech) companies, from digital payments to insurance and transfer payments, have arisen to support Singaporeans’ personal finances. You may have heard of robo-adviser companies such as StashAway, Syfe, and AutoWealth that help with investments.
What are robo-advisers?
To optimise investment portfolios according to the risk profile of the customer, Robo-advisers rely on algorithms. In reaction to market changes, portfolio readjustment is performed automatically.
As such, there is little need for active monitoring by the investor with all these automatic features. As seen from various posts and comment threads on local financial platforms, the low fees paid in relation to human investment advisors have further raised interest in robo-advisers.
A Statista study forecasts that assets under watch by local robo-advisers and user numbers are estimated to rise by over 50 per cent in 2021 to hit US$1.06 billion and 105,000 users accordingly.
Robo-advisers help break barriers to entry
Image Credits: Freepik
The perceived difficulty of gaining financial expertise and the scarcity of time for investment and fund management are two widely quoted reasons for not investing.
With technology assistance, robo-advisers eliminate these hurdles, making them a fantastic way to kickstart investing, particularly for beginners. This is not to mention that the procedure of signing-up is reasonably straightforward.
In 15 minutes, a profile can be registered. To propose an appropriate portfolio concerning the investor’s financial targets and risk aversion, one only needs to answer some preliminary questions.
Standard considerations include age, gender, marital status, salary, investment horizon, and priorities, such as funding for a house versus retirement planning. At the same time, risk evaluation focuses on experience with multiple financial instruments and gain and loss perception.
Once that is in place, algorithms based on current financial models will handle the portfolio. Easy peasy, isn’t it?
Advantages of using robo-advisers
The isolation of feelings from investing using robo-advisers is a gain. Investors are far less likely to respond irrationally to disruptive market developments and exit from the market out of panic, with investments using advanced automated trading.
Robo-advisers often foster healthy financial habits by encouraging clients to add to their investments on a routine basis. This induces investors to take advantage of the dollar-cost averaging (DCA), which has been proven to be a successful method for allowing the long-term accumulation of capital by novice investors.
A look at the downsides
Image Credits: fa.com.sg
No one thing in the world is perfect, and this applies to robo-advisers too. Given their emphasis on ease and effectiveness, robo-advisers cannot make investment decisions precisely personalised to each user’s financial condition.
Instead, they enable clients to pick from pre-selected portfolios from a restricted menu. They deal only with personal finance’s investment facets and miss the human touch of actual financial advisors.
Human financial planners devote much more time to identifying the needs of their customers. Thus, they can provide numerous solutions that cover various holistic financial management elements, including savings and coverage.
Is investor passivity harmful?
The low percentage of investor participation needed is one of the principal selling points of robo-advisers. But is the lack of investor involvement a cause for concern?
Investor indifference may foster a laid-back approach towards other areas of financial planning. Since computers and algorithms can assign this seemingly cumbersome task, this may lead to a refusal to gain financial expertise going forward.
Although robo-advisers cater to tech-savvy, passive, and limited-capital investors, automated investment does not appeal to active investors. This is especially so for those who want to have portfolio ownership and may be dissatisfied with having a bot controlling their assets entirely.
According to an HSBC survey done last June, only one-quarter of Singaporeans had used mobile banking to invest. This hesitation in handling digital capital shows the real lack of investment expertise or trust. It also highlights the need to empower Singaporeans with financial knowledge.
Lack of financial knowledge can be devastating
Image Credits: City Nomads
Dr Gordon Tan Kuo Siong, Faculty Early Career Award Fellow at the Singapore University of Technology and Design, shared how a lack of financial knowledge can be devastating.
Using the story of Alex Kearns, he brings out the importance of financial literacy. Last June, the news reported the death of the 20-year-old trader by suicide. After Kearns mistakenly thought he lost hundreds of thousands of dollars on Robinhood, a free-trading app, he took his own life.
For sound investment and financial planning, the acquisition of knowledge is necessary. As the term “caveat emptor” indicates, consumers’ ultimate responsibility is to perform proper research when making a transaction. Buyers should request information on the details of the items they purchase.
In short, consumers should arm themselves with the information they need on the investment products that robo-advisors suggest. As for the businesses who promote these services, it is vital to ensure adequate resources on how their products operate.
Some deets on local robo-advisers
Several local robo-advisers have also launched educational initiatives to develop more educated investors. A set of courses covering personal finance and trading on its app, as well as frequent newsletters and market insights, have been made freely available by StashAway.
Syfe posts short articles and conducts online seminars to provide the public with financial information. These programs are praiseworthy and should not be treated as unnecessary supplements.
In conclusion, if robo-advisers boost their customers’ financial literacy and consumers make an effort to consider what they are investing into, buyers will have much more interest in creating machine-enhanced financial decisions and endow their money to a robot.
P2P investments or more commonly known as Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending is a type of debt-based crowdfunding enabled by digital platforms that connect borrowers with investors without going through a traditional financial intermediary such as a bank. This concept will see investors lending to borrowers (i.e. SMEs) via the platform as a form of investment, and the interest earned from it will be their returns. Despite being a relatively new concept in Singapore, it has grown significantly over the years and has shown no signs of slowing down.
How does P2P investment work for investors?
For investors, it is a means for diversification into another asset class. As most P2P investments offer a frequent repayment schedule (monthly or within 90-120 days period), it can be considered a great supplement to more traditional long term asset classes like stocks or bonds. With interest rates on saving accounts heading south, investors can look for alternative ways to earn interest on their cash.
How much can investors earn?
Be it an individual or institutional investor, the reward on their investment will come in the form of the interest payments serviced by the borrower. At Funding Societies, investors can choose to participate across 6 different investment products with interest rates ranging from 3% – 18% per annum.
Risks and returns go hand-in-hand and the difference in interest rates range is tied to the risk associated with the product. For example, a guaranteed returns investment will yield an interest of between 3% – 5% p.a. while an unsecured business term investment can fetch between 8% – 18% p.a..
How much to invest in P2P investment?
There are no hard and fast rules on how much of one’s portfolio should be allocated to any particular investment assets, and this is the same for P2P investing. What is important is that investors should always consider diversifying across many notes and avoid concentration risk to create a healthy well balanced portfolio.
At Funding Societies, investments start from S$20 onwards and most products provide a periodic repayment of principal and interest. Jointly, it is a great recipe for investors to diversify and reinvest their investments.
P2P investment with Funding Societies
Funding Societies is Southeast Asia’s largest P2P lending platform with over S$1.7b in SME financing funded. In Singapore, the platform holds a Capital Markets Services (CMS) Licence and is regulated by the local authorities. Over the years, they have been able to raise several rounds of equity funding led by investors such as Sequoia India, Softbank Ventures Asia and SGInnovate to name a few. A few things to note when investing with Funding Societies:
Interest returns are exempted from tax: For interests earned in year 2020 onwards
Low barrier to entry: Investments start from $20 per note
Short tenor: Investment tenors ranges from 1 to 12 months
Returns on Investment: Interest rates usually range between 3% to 5% per annum for a Guaranteed Investment product, 6% to 8% per annum for a Property-backed investment and 8% to 18% per annum for Invoice financing and unsecured business term investments
Default Rate: The Singapore platform default rate is 1.89%
P2P investment products
As the investor base grew overtime, they needed to continuously innovate new products to meet the needs of a wider range of investor profiles. Having launched the first product back in 2015, Funding Societies has now grown to offer 6 different investment products with varying levels of risk-return profiles.
TL;DR: P2P Investment Products Overview
1. Property-backed Secured Investment
The Property-backed Secured Investment (PBSI) is a rather unique collateral-backed investment product launched to provide investors with an additional security in the form of a local Singapore property to back the investment. The property is pledged by the SME undertaking the financing.
Funding Societies holds first charge on the property on behalf of investors and it can be auctioned off to recover funds should the SME defaults.
To alleviate concerns on property value fluctuations, the percentage of financing amount varies as per the property types (residential/commercial/industrial) and in most cases is only up to 70% of the property value. The forced value of the property is also considered while arriving at the financing quantum. By doing so, Funding Societies maintains a buffer for fluctuation in property prices as well as for distress sale situations. The interest rate for this investment product is typically between 4% – 8% per annum.
2. Guaranteed Property-backed Investment
Launched in July 2020, Guaranteed Property-backed Investment (GPI) is an investment into a Property-backed Secured Investment with an additional effective guarantee of repayments to investors. Likewise to Property-backed Secured Investment, Funding Societies has the right to liquidate the property to recover the funds should the SME fail to fulfil their obligations.
Falling under the Guaranteed line of products means that both the principal & interest repayments are effectively guaranteed to the investor regardless of the SME’s status. The interest rate for this investment product is typically between 3% – 8% per annum.
3. Guaranteed Returns Investment
Guaranteed Returns Investment (GRI) is another investment product under the Guaranteed line of products. This product was first launched in August 2019 as a means to offer more investment opportunities to investors.
GRI is an investment into a micro financing with repayments effectively guaranteed. Similar to GPI, investors are effectively guaranteed to receive both the principal & interest repayments when they participate in this investment product. The interest rate for this investment product is typically between 3% – 5% per annum.
Please invest with the knowledge that while returns are effectively guaranteed by FS Capital Pte. Ltd., there may be a chance where we might not be able to fulfil the obligations under this arrangement. To mitigate this risk, a cash reserve buffer to allow for repayments to be made on time is maintained.
4. Invoice Financing Investment
The Invoice Financing Investment (IFI) product allows investors to invest into an invoice backed financing offered to SMEs. SMEs take this financing by pledging against the receivables of an invoice. By doing so, it helps to bridge the cash flow gap between actual sales and receipt of payments.
Due to the nature of the financing, investors in this product usually enjoy a relatively short tenor of 30 – 120 days. The short tenor enables investors to receive and reinvest their money relatively quickly. The interest rate for this investment product is typically between 8% – 18% per annum.
5. Revolving Credit Investment
If you own a credit card, you will probably be aware of how revolving credit or more commonly known as a line of credit works. Based on one’s credit standing, they will be issued a credit limit to draw down from over time. Likewise in the case of Revolving Credit Investment (RCI), it is an investment into a revolving credit line granted to SMEs. The SME can repay anytime within the approved tenor and draw down again so long as the amount outstanding is within the limit.
As an investor, you can participate in a single or multiple drawdowns, each with a tenor typically between 1 to 12 months with a chance of early partial or full repayments. The interest rate for this investment product is typically between 8% – 18% per annum.
6. Business Term Investment
Business Term Investment (BTI) was the first product offered alongside the launch of the Funding Societies platform back in 2015. It is an unsecured financing undertaken by SMEs as a means for working capital, expansion or bridging needs. The interest rate for this investment product is typically between 8% – 18% per annum.
Be it a way to diversify your investment portfolio or to beat the falling savings account interest rates, investors can consider to embark on their P2P investment journey with a platform like Funding Societies. If you have done your own due diligence and decided to invest with Funding Societies, they currently have a promotion for new investors. Sign up with promo code MDXMAS20 and make a total investment of S$200 by 31st Jan 2021 to get a S$20 cashback.
Terms and Conditions apply
Investors must sign up with the aforementioned promo code and make a total investment of at least S$200 by 31st Jan 2021 to be eligible for the $20 cashback. Cashback will be credited into the eligible investors’ accounts by the end of February 2021. Funding Societies’ investor T&Cs apply.
Funding Societies is the largest SME digital financing platform in Southeast Asia. It is licensed in Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia, and backed by Sequoia India, Softbank Ventures Asia Corp and SGInnovate amongst many others. It provides business financing to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which is crowdfunded by individual and institutional investors. Investors can invest from as low as S$20 with a tenor of no more than 12 months. Depending on the investment product, interest rates can range between 2% to 18% per annum.
