I believe it is safe to say that “Insurance” is an unfamiliar territory for most Singaporeans. For young adults who recently joined the workforce, it is a necessity that comes with the new responsibilities of adulthood. Weighing your insurance options is just the start!
You may have encountered policy terms such as premiums and deductibles. However, do you know what each term means? I shall focus on the former.
DEFINING INSURANCE PREMIUM
In its simplest form, an insurance premium is the amount that an individual or an institution must for upon signing on a policy. It represents a bind that the insurer must provide coverage for the claims made against the policy. More so, it is the income earned by the insurance company.
HOW INSURANCE PREMIUM IS CALCULATED
There are many interacting factors that affect the prices of the insurance premium. For starters, the price heavily depends on the type of insurance (e.g., Critical Illness policy or Car Insurance policy). Other factors include the area where the policyholder lives, the likelihood of claims being made, the behavior of the policyholder, and the amount of premium offered by the competition.
Let us take the Life Insurance policy as an example. Various factors affecting your specific premium include the:
a. policyholder’s age at present time,
b. scope of coverage that the policyholder buys,
c. length of the policy,
d. and the policyholder’s life and health expectancy.
WAYS TO ACCOMPLISH PAYMENT
Singaporeans were blessed with a number of options when it comes to paying for the insurance premiums. Some insurers require the policyholder to pay for the total amount before the coverage starts. While, others offer installments (e.g, semi-annual payments).
It is vital to highlight that you may encounter situations that entail the increase of insurance premium. Firstly, it may increase after the policy period ends. Secondly, it may increase if you made claims during the previous period. Lastly, it may increase if the risk associated to the type of insurance gets more pervasive.
Image Credits: pixabay.com
THE BOTTOM-LINE
In summary, the insurance premium is the amount of money charged by the insurer for an active coverage. The total amount depends on multiple factors including age and address. Individuals may pay premiums annually or in smaller amounts over a year. Also, this amount changes over time. The policy is usually voided when the insurance premiums are not paid.
The trading of currencies on the open market serves many practical purposes. It enables individuals to purchase local coinage when visiting a different country or region. It allows governments to regulate the supply of money within their own economies. It also provides an opportunity for traders to realise a profit, simply by speculating on the price movements of different currency pairs. Each of these contributes to the vast size and scale of trading activity that occurs within the foreign exchange market every single day.
How big is the forex market?
The FOReign EXchange (forex) market is is the single largest financial market on the planet, when measured in daily trading volumes. Each day, around $5.3 trillion worth of currency is bought and sold on the open market. That equates to more than $220 billion of trading activity every hour.
The volume of forex trading far exceeds that of the bond market or the stock exchange – and even the economies of entire nations.
The New York stock exchange, for example, would have to trade for 30 days to match the single-day trading volume of the currency market. The combined annual GDP of Russia, Italy, and India is approximately equal to one day’s forex trading.
A brief history of forex trading
The trading of one currency for another is an ancient phenomenon, but the modern forex market truly emerged in 1971, with the completion of the Smithsonian Agreement.
The agreement allowed the central banks of ten major economies to buy, sell and issue currency in a way that would allow their money to fluctuate in value by 2.25 per cent against the US dollar. The Smithsonian Agreement is widely accepted as the first step towards the free floating exchange rates that we recognise today.
The proliferation of web-based technologies in the 1990s proved another significant milestone in shaping today’s forex markets. Access to the internet gave private individuals the means to not only access markets, but also the educational resources that would help them to understand forex, and how to start trading. Since the end of the 1990s, the number of forex trades that are executed through an online platform has grown exponentially: accounting for as much as 23 per cent of all forex activity by 2016.
Digital trading platforms have also eased the transition to an era of automated trading: where algorithms are used to calculate and execute trades far quicker than any human could hope to achieve. The forex market grew 20 per cent between 2007 and 2010 – and much of this expansion has been attributed to the development of high frequency, algorithmic trading machines.
Who are the big players?
This rapid expansion of the forex market has caused some of the established currencies and institutions to lose a degree of significance in recent history. Yet the biggest players in the foreign currency trade remain some of the more familiar names in the world of finance – for the time being, at least.
The most commonly traded currencies by share of total transactions are the US dollar (which accounts for more than 87 per cent of all trades), the Euro (31 per cent), and the Japanese Yen (almost 22 per cent). Of these, EUR/USD is the most commonly traded currency pair, accounting for 23 per cent of all trades in 2016.
International banks dominate forex trading: the largest six banks account for half of all transactions; the top ten banks are responsible for more than 65 per cent of trades. Citigroup (13 per cent), JP Morgan, (9 per cent), UBS (9 per cent), and Deutsche Bank (8 per cent) are the four most active financial institutions in the forex market.
Where is forex traded?
Forex is a truly global marketplace. Four major trading centres – in London, New York, Tokyo and Sydney – provide access to the currency markets 24 hours a day. Of these, London sees the highest trading volume, accounting for 37 per cent of all currency trades.
However, while the City of London is responsible for a high percentage of daily total trades, it does not regulate or control the market in any way. In fact, the trade in foreign currency is not facilitated by any single authority or centralised exchange at all. Instead, traders can buy or sell currency pairs directly with other traders in the market. This form of direct exchange is known as an over-the-counter (OTC) market. OTC trading is considered one of the primary factors in the growth of forex: independent investors can access and participate in the market from any location, at any time of the day or night.
The foreign currency market has undergone dramatic change, and experienced rapid growth, throughout the past five decades. It has adapted its role to make use of new technologies: permitting free-floating currency valuations, and enabling private individuals to participate in markets without having to leave their homes.
Today, the forex market continues to evolve, and represents one of the most open and democratic trading opportunities on the planet. But the buying and selling of world currencies represents more than an investment: it is helping to make efficient world trade a reality.
Dollar stores or variety stores house a myriad of inexpensive goods. Examples of dollar stores include Daiso, Japan Home, and Value Dollar. Seeing S$1 on the price tag does not make it an instant bargain! Sometimes, these products are actually cheaper elsewhere.
Consider these 4 Worst Things To Purchase At Dollar Stores:
BATTERIES
My sister asked for the Fujifilm Instax Mini 8 for her birthday. To her surprise, her wish was granted. This instant camera required two AA batteries. She was delighted that it came with a free (and seemingly cheap) set of batteries. She stored the device in her cabinet after using it for several months. The next day, she saw the battery leaked and seeped into the device. It is important to note that used batteries are more prone to leakage than new ones. Furthermore, this is dangerous for the skin.
Image Credits: pixabay.com
As tempting as a dollar for a pack of AA batteries sounds like, its longevity is mediocre compared to the branded alkaline batteries. It may even leak and damage your devices. Let my sister’s story serve as an example.
WET WIPES
Savvy marketing strategies apply to dollar stores too! Notice the vast counters at Daiso’s queuing area. These are filled with items that you can conveniently pick up. For instance, it sells 10 pieces of wipes for S$2. For a single pack, that is not cheap at all!
Weigh your options as you can get 3 packs of Kleenex wipes for only S$2.85. This promo is valid until July 31, 2017.
TOOLS
Similar to the reasons why you must not buy batteries at dollar stores, you must not purchase your tools there. The quality of said tools are seemingly low. You would have to buy the same thing again and again.
Imagine hitting your hands by mistake because your hammer broke after a few strikes! Safety is a good reason why you must purchase your tools at the nearby hardware. Some hardwares offer life guarantee for their items. Moreover, you can wait for the Father’s Day deals around June.
MARKERS AND OTHER STATIONARY
Students with tight pockets frequent Daiso or Value Dollar for stationary items such as pens and markers. They often re-purchase due to its poor quality. You shall not expect the markers to have sufficient ink or stay on the surfaces as advertised.
Image Credits: pixabay.com
Take time to shop around or to ask about the bookstore’s membership fees.
As an adolescent, my passion for travelling the world ignited. One of the places that I looked forward to marking off my list was Thailand. I was captivated by its historically untouched character. Why did I say so? In the 19th until the early 20th century, Thailand was the only Southeast Asian country to avoid the European colonization. It was treated as a neutral territory by the French and the British people.
A tourist’s heart will be filled with glee as he or she explores its tropical beaches, ancient ruins, majestic palaces, and religious temples. Make the most out of your experience with these several tips.
VISIT DURING OFF-PEAK SEASON
No matter what season you are booked for, you will always find something interesting in the “Land of Smiles”. It is best to book your stay during the low season to save more money. Remember that people usually flock between October to March, especially in the renowned areas. Accommodation, motorbike rentals, and air fares are more expensive during these months.
It is easier to chance upon a bargain during the off-peak season between April to September. Furthermore, food is cheaper during said period.
EAT LIKE THE LOCALS
As obvious as this may sound, dining places geared toward the tourists are heftier. Singaporeans without food concerns may acquire the eating habits of the locals. We are no strangers to the goodness of Thai food. Oh! Imagine munching on genuine Pad Thai and Tom Yum. Thailand’s markets and roadside stalls are filled with these and more.
Roadside stalls are everywhere! They are incredibly diverse and cheap. One store may sell a dish for around THB 60 (SGD 2.44) while the other may sell the same for THB 25 (SGD 1). Weigh your options.
STAY VIGILANT
Before riding the Tuk-tuks (three-wheeled vehicles) or purchasing jewelry, develop the practice of researching online. Research the real prices of the items that you wish to spend for. Also, you may ask your Thai friends to help you to bargain with the store owners and communicate with the drivers. Ensure to agree upon a price for any service before doing anything or going anywhere. Lastly, protect your valuables at all times.
Do not make yourself an easy target! Read about the common scams that are circulating in the city.
MAKE THE MOST OF THE FREEBIES
It comes as no surprise that the rich culture of Thailand paved for free entertainment. Street performances are prevalent, especially around the holidays. You may indulge on exercise facilities at the local parks too. Not to mention, you must embrace its natural surroundings.
I shall illustrate the abundance of freebies by putting a spotlight at Bangkok. Here are just some of the free entertainment that you can maximize during your stay there:
a. Visit Soi Wat Thong Sala Ngarm, Phasi Charoen
Witness a traditional performance of Thai puppetry as you head down to the Artist’s House (daily except on Wednesdays). Enjoy the performance of a team who controls the delicate puppets.
b. Explore Wat Chakrawatrachawat Woramahawihan
Get personal with crocodiles at the bustling streets of Chinatown. Spot the three giant crocodiles in the grounds of Wat Chakrawatrachawat Woramahawihan!
NEGOTIATE OVER THE PRICES
Thailand welcomes the art of bargaining with open arms. For instance, some places allow negotiation of the room prices during the off-peak season. From Tuk-tuks to tattoos, almost everything is up for a negotiation. Those with visible prices on the products (e.g., sodas found in the convenience store) are fixed.
You must be reasonable when haggling for a better deal. It is not worth to bargain over a few cents! The vendor probably needs the money more than you.
Image Credits: pixabay.com
May these tips help you stretch your dollar while having an unforgettable trip!
The late Janet Reno once said: “I have learned that raising children is the single most difficult thing in the world to do. It takes hard work, love, luck, and a lot of energy. It is the most rewarding experience that you can ever have.”
Creating and nurturing a baby in Singapore is no walk in the park! Encountering sleepless nights, medical scares, and embarrassing moments are unavoidable. One is never completely prepared for what is about to come. However, you can start planning for your future by considering this financial checklist.
#1: DRAFT YOUR PRENATAL BUDGET
You are about to bring life into this exciting and challenging world. Tackle each day with ease by knowing how much you will be spending in the next couple of months. There are many lifestyle adjustments that come with having a baby. Include the food expenses, medical costs, insurance contributions, and so on.
Be honest with yourself when shopping for baby items. Do you really need a trendy stroller with an LCD control panel? Set a tangible line between what is necessary and what is forgivable. For instance, you can save on the disposable diapers by converting to the cloth diapers. Or, you may revamp an old drawer into a changing table. Use your creativity when maximizing your dollars and spend within your bounds.
#2: DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF YOUR RESERVE
Becoming a preschool teacher made me realize that significant things can happen when you leave a toddler for several seconds. I am not exaggerating. One student may be chewing on the toys while you are trying to get groom the other. I can still recall when I was curious about the air conditioner and ended up with several cuts on my fingers. Being prepared for your baby’s potential accidents is a must!
I recommend that you take a look at your financial reservoir (or emergency fund). Having at least six months’ worth of living expenses covered is a good start point.
#3: UNDERSTAND THE HEALTH INSURANCE’S SCOPE
It is no secret that having a baby in Singapore is expensive, even if you have health insurance. Navigate your attention into the prenatal care, labor, and newborn costs. You need to understand which expenses your insurance will pay for you. There are diverse maternity insurance packages available on the market now! One is the OCBC MaxMaternity Care. It is the first maternity insurance plan that covers its clients as early as 13 weeks into their pregnancy. They will cover your costs for specific types of pregnancy complications.
Aside from understanding the scope of your policy, you must include your baby in your primary health insurance. You can typically change your records within 30 to 60 days after delivery. Do it as soon as possible as you do not want to be caught with an ill newborn and no coverage!
#4: IDENTIFY YOUR CHILDCARE ARRANGEMENTS
We are lucky to be blessed with childcare options ranging from a conservative preschool to an eclectic day care centre. If both you and your spouse are working full-time, recognize that a large number of your monthly costs will go to childcare (i.e., sometimes even more than your rent). This is why you must weigh your options and alternatives. By alternatives, I am pertaining to the relatives that can aid you along the way.
It is an acceptable idea for Asian families to ask for help from their parents. The grandparents-to-be may be available for two days a week. This could help you lessen the financial load. If you wish to hire a nanny, be sure to check the government fees and regulations surrounding it.
Image Credits: pixabay.com
The cost of having a baby does not stop when he or she goes to school! So, consider formulating a long-term financial plan beyond the first few years.
Anna Agoncillo
MoneyDigest
